Latest Articles on Influenza
- Evaluating socioeconomic inequalities in influenza vaccine uptake during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort study in Greater Manchester, England Tue, 26 Sep 2023 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic led to increased inequalities in flu vaccine uptake, likely due to changes in demand for vaccination, new delivery models, and disruptions to healthcare and schooling. It will be important to investigate the causes of these increased inequalities and to examine whether these increased inequalities also occurred in the uptake of other routine vaccinations. These new wider inequalities in flu vaccine uptake may exacerbate inequalities in flu-related morbidity and... - Virus-specific TRM cells of both donor and recipient origin reside in human kidney transplants Tue, 26 Sep 2023 06:00:00 -0400
Tissue-resident lymphocytes (TRLs) are critical for local protection against viral pathogens in peripheral tissue. However, it is unclear if TRLs perform a similar role in transplanted organs under chronic immunosuppressed conditions. The present study aimed to characterize the TRL compartment in human kidney transplant nephrectomies and examine its potential role in antiviral immunity. The TRL compartment of kidney transplants contained diverse innate(-like) and adaptive TRL populations... - Range of Clinical Manifestations Caused by Invasive Meningococcal Disease Due to Serogroup W: A Systematic Review Tue, 26 Sep 2023 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians need to be aware of the nonspecific symptoms and signs of IMD, as well as of the atypical manifestations in regions where MenW is known to circulate to ensure timely diagnoses and treatment. - Negative and ambisense RNA virus ribonucleocapsids: more than protective armor Tue, 26 Sep 2023 06:00:00 -0400
Negative and ambisense RNA viruses are the causative agents of important human diseases such as influenza, measles, Lassa fever, and Ebola hemorrhagic fever. The viral genome of these RNA viruses consists of one or more single-stranded RNA molecules that are encapsidated by viral nucleocapsid proteins to form a ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP). This RNP acts as protection, as a scaffold for RNA folding, and as the context for viral replication and transcription by a viral RNA polymerase. However,... - Tracing the Flu Symptom Progression via a Smart Face Mask Tue, 26 Sep 2023 06:00:00 -0400
Respiration and body temperature are largely influenced by the highly contagious influenza virus, which poses persistent global public health challenges. Here, we present a wireless all-in-one sensory face mask (WISE mask) made of ultrasensitive fibrous temperature sensors. The WISE mask shows exceptional thermosensitivity, excellent breathability, and wearing comfort. It offers highly sensitive body temperature monitoring and respiratory detection capabilities. Capitalizing on the advances in... - Infectious clone of a contemporary Tembusu virus and replicons expressing reporter genes or heterologous antigens from poultry viruses Tue, 26 Sep 2023 06:00:00 -0400
The novel mosquito-borne Tembusu virus (TMUV, family Flaviviridae) was discovered as the cause of a severe outbreak of egg-drop syndrome affecting ducks in Southeast Asia in 2010. TMUV infection can also lead to high mortality in various additional avian species such as geese, pigeons, and chickens. This study describes the construction of an infectious cDNA clone of a contemporary duck-isolate (TMUV WU2016). The virus recovered after transfection of BHK-21 cells shows enhanced virus replication... - Improved Humoral Immunity and Protection against Influenza Virus Infection with a 3d Porous Biomaterial Vaccine Tue, 26 Sep 2023 06:00:00 -0400
New vaccine platforms that activate humoral immunity and generate neutralizing antibodies are required to combat emerging pathogens, including influenza virus. A slurry of antigen-loaded hydrogel microparticles that anneal to form a porous scaffold with high surface area for antigen uptake by infiltrating immune cells as the biomaterial degrades is demonstrated to enhance humoral immunity. Antigen-loaded-microgels elicited a robust cellular humoral immune response, with increased CD4^(+) T... - Histomorphometric lung density evaluation of Immulina treatment using a murine influenza pneumonia model Tue, 26 Sep 2023 06:00:00 -0400
Histomorphometric lung density measurements were used to evaluate the effects of Immulina on mouse pneumonia. Mice were intra-nasally exposed to H1N1 influenza virus at a dose of 5 × 10⁴ PFU/50 μL/mouse. Lung density was measured using the NIH ImageJ software program. Density values were compared to semiquantitative pneumonia severity scores. Lung photomicrographs were evaluated at 25-×, 40-× and 400-× magnification. The study included viral inoculated controls (IC) and non-inoculated controls... - Newborn and child-like molecular signatures in older adults stem from TCR shifts across human lifespan Mon, 25 Sep 2023 06:00:00 -0400
CD8^(+) T cells provide robust antiviral immunity, but how epitope-specific T cells evolve across the human lifespan is unclear. Here we defined CD8^(+) T cell immunity directed at the prominent influenza epitope HLA-A*02:01-M1(58-66) (A2/M1(58)) across four age groups at phenotypic, transcriptomic, clonal and functional levels. We identify a linear differentiation trajectory from newborns to children then adults, followed by divergence and a clonal reset in older adults. Gene profiles in older... - Host range, transmissibility and antigenicity of a pangolin coronavirus Mon, 25 Sep 2023 06:00:00 -0400
The pathogenic and cross-species transmission potential of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses (CoVs) remain poorly characterized. Here we recovered a wild-type pangolin (Pg) CoV GD strain including derivatives encoding reporter genes using reverse genetics. In primary human cells, PgCoV replicated efficiently but with reduced fitness and showed less efficient transmission via airborne route compared with SARS-CoV-2 in hamsters. PgCoV was potently inhibited by US Food and Drug Administration...