Influenza Virus Net is the web resource for anyone interested in influenza and flu pandemics. Influenza, commonly referred to as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by RNA viruses of the family Orthomyxoviridae (the influenza viruses), that affects humans, birds and other mammals. The virus spreads easily from person to person. Influenza circulates worldwide and can affect anybody in any age group. Influenza causes annual epidemics that peak during winter in temperate regions. Influenza is a serious public health problem that causes severe illnesses and deaths for higher risk populations. The most common symptoms of the disease are chills, fever, sore throat, muscle pains, severe headache, coughing, weakness/fatigue and general discomfort. Sore throat, fever and coughs are the most frequent symptoms. In more serious cases, influenza causes pneumonia, which can be fatal, particularly for the young and the elderly. An influenza epidemic can take an economic toll through lost workforce productivity, and strain health services. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent infection.

The objectives of Influenza Virus Net are to be the public and professional information resource for influenza and to serve as a network in the exchange of information and news related to influenza.

• Bird flu FAQ: What is avian influenza? How is it transmitted to humans? What are the symptoms? Are there effective treatments and vaccines? Will H5N1 become the next viral pandemic? - The Conversation Indonesia
  Mon, 27 Mar 2023 18:54 GMT
• China detects another human case of influenza A H3N8 - Economic Times
  Tue, 28 Mar 2023 07:19 GMT
• Avian influenza detected in two deceased CA mountain lions - KSBY News
  Tue, 28 Mar 2023 20:35 GMT
• Ways to rebuild immunity with natural supplements post an attack of Influenza A - Hindustan Times
  Wed, 29 Mar 2023 10:42 GMT
• Amid spike in Covid-19, influenza cases, Health Ministry issues fresh guidelines: ‘Avoid overcrowding, wear masks’ - The Indian Express
  Sun, 26 Mar 2023 05:55 GMT
• You're 6 times more likely to have a heart attack the week after having the flu - Study Finds
  Tue, 28 Mar 2023 21:06 GMT
• Viral flu & Influenza among children: Advice from health authorities - NewsWire
  Tue, 28 Mar 2023 05:18 GMT
• Pvt hosp organises summit to discuss on influenza and Covid cases - DTNEXT
  Sun, 26 Mar 2023 08:45 GMT
• Lancaster Farming's Philip Gruber Discusses Avian Influenza on WITF's The Spark - Lancaster Farming
  Tue, 28 Mar 2023 12:41 GMT
• India reported 1,317 H3N2 cases from January 1-March 21, Rajya Sabha told - Economic Times
  Tue, 28 Mar 2023 09:36 GMT
• 5 in state have succumbed to H3N2 virus since Jan - The Indian Express
  Tue, 28 Mar 2023 23:18 GMT
• India's Influenza Season Intensifies - Precision Vaccinations
  Wed, 29 Mar 2023 07:13 GMT
• Impact On H3N2 Influenza On Male Fertility | TheHealthSite.com - TheHealthSite
  Tue, 28 Mar 2023 11:52 GMT
• H3N2 influenza cases on rise amid Covid spike in country - Daily Pioneer
  Wed, 29 Mar 2023 07:05 GMT
• A new flu is spilling over from cows to people in the U.S. How ... - Red River Radio
  Wed, 29 Mar 2023 09:14 GMT

• PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (116): Europe (Russia) zoo, wild bird, backyard, HPAI H5N1, OIE
  Mon, 20 Sep 2021 15:46:50 -0400
  Avian Influenza H5N1 -- Russia
  Summary
  Report type: immediate notification
  Started: 27 Aug 2021
  Confirmed: 2 Sep 2021
  Reported: 15 Sep 2021
  Reason for notification: recurrence
  Last occurrence: 13 Dec 2020
  Causal agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
  Serotype: H5N1
  Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
  This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
  New outbreaks (3)
  Summary of outbreaks
  Total outbreaks (3)
  Outbreak location 1: Zateryanny mir, Chelyabinsk gorsovet,


• PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza, human (20): Cambodia (SI) H9N2
  Sun, 19 Sep 2021 19:23:42 -0400
  Avian Influenza -- Cambodia
  Abstract
  ---------
  In February 2021, routine sentinel surveillance for influenza-like illness in Cambodia detected a human avian influenza A(H9N2) virus infection. Investigations identified no recent H9N2 virus infections in 43 close contacts. One chicken sample from the infected child's house was positive for H9N2 virus and genetically similar to the human virus.
  --
  Communicated by:
  Jurre Siegers
  Institute Pasteur du Cambodge
  
  [ProMED thanks Jurre Siegers for sharing the early

• Current Evidence for Infection Prevention and Control Interventions in Emergency Medical Services: A Scoping Review Wed, 29 Mar 2023 06:00:00 -0400
  CONCLUSIONS: Evidence from the United States exists on the effectiveness of IPC practices in EMS clinicians, including hand hygiene, standard precautions, mandatory vaccine policies, and vaccine clinics. More research is needed on the effectiveness of PPE and vaccine acceptance.
• Protective Efficacy of a Mucosal Influenza Vaccine Formulation Based on the Recombinant Nucleoprotein Co-Administered with a TLR2/6 Agonist BPPcysMPEG Wed, 29 Mar 2023 06:00:00 -0400
  Current influenza vaccines target highly variable surface glycoproteins; thus, mismatches between vaccine strains and circulating strains often diminish vaccine protection. For this reason, there is still a critical need to develop effective influenza vaccines able to protect also against the drift and shift of different variants of influenza viruses. It has been demonstrated that influenza nucleoprotein (NP) is a strong candidate for a universal vaccine, which contributes to providing...
• Virus-like Particle Vaccine Expressing the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pre-Fusion and G Proteins Confers Protection against RSV Challenge Infection Wed, 29 Mar 2023 06:00:00 -0400
  Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe lower respiratory tract disease in children and the elderly. However, there are no effective antiviral drugs or licensed vaccines available for RSV infection. Here, RSV virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines expressing Pre-F, G, or Pre-F and G proteins on the surface of influenza virus matrix protein 1 (M1) were produced using the baculovirus expression system, and their protective efficacy was evaluated in mice. The morphology and successful assembly...
• Preclinical Study of ZSP1273, a Potent Antiviral Inhibitor of Cap Binding to the PB2 Subunit of Influenza A Polymerase Wed, 29 Mar 2023 06:00:00 -0400
  The influenza A virus is highly contagious and often causes global pandemics. The prevalence of strains of the influenza A virus that are resistant to approved drugs is a huge challenge for the current clinical treatment of influenza A. RNA polymerase is a pivotal enzyme in the replication of the influenza A virus, and it is a promising target for anti-influenza A therapies. In this paper, we report a novel and potent anti-influenza-A-virus inhibitor, ZSP1273, targeting the influenza A virus RNA...
• Early Transcriptional Responses of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells to Infection with Influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 Virus Differ and Are Influenced by Physiological Temperature Wed, 29 Mar 2023 06:00:00 -0400
  Influenza A (IAV) and SARS-CoV-2 (SCV2) viruses represent an ongoing threat to public health. Both viruses target the respiratory tract, which consists of a gradient of cell types, receptor expression, and temperature. Environmental temperature has been an understudied contributor to infection susceptibility and understanding its impact on host responses to infection could help uncover new insight into severe disease risk factors. As the nasal passageways are the initial site of respiratory...
• Genome Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains from Chronically Infected Patients with High Levels of Persister Formation Wed, 29 Mar 2023 06:00:00 -0400
  The appearance of persister cells with low metabolic rates are key factors leading to antibiotic treatment failure. Such persisters are multidrug tolerant and play a key role in the recalcitrance of biofilm-based chronic infections. Here, we present the genomic analyses of three distinct Pseudomonas aeruginosa Egyptian persister-isolates recovered from chronic human infections. To calculate the persister frequencies, viable counts were determined before and after treatment with levofloxacin. The...
• One Health-Key to Adequate Intervention Measures against Zoonotic Risks Wed, 29 Mar 2023 06:00:00 -0400
  Zoonotic diseases are a heterogenous group of infections transmittable between humans and vertebrate animal species. Globally, endemic and emerging zoonoses are responsible for high social and economic costs. Due to the particular positioning of zoonoses at the human-animal-environment interface, zoonotic disease control is an integral part of One Health, which recognizes the close link between human, animal and ecosystem health. During recent years, the validity of the One Health approach has...
• Bacterial and Viral Pathogens with One Health Relevance in Invasive Raccoons (Procyon lotor, Linné 1758) in Southwest Germany Wed, 29 Mar 2023 06:00:00 -0400
  In Europe, raccoons are invasive neozoons with their largest population in Germany. Globally, this mesocarnivore acts as a wildlife reservoir for many (non-)zoonotic (re-)emerging pathogens, but very little epidemiological data is available for southwest Germany. This exploratory study aimed to screen free-ranging raccoons in Baden-Wuerttemberg (BW, Germany) for the occurrence of selected pathogens with One Health relevance. Organ tissue and blood samples collected from 102 animals, obtained by...
• Screening for Influenza and Morbillivirus in Seals and Porpoises in the Baltic and North Sea Wed, 29 Mar 2023 06:00:00 -0400
  Historically, the seals and harbour porpoises of the Baltic Sea and North Sea have been subjected to hunting, chemical pollutants and repeated mass mortalities, leading to significant population fluctuations. Despite the conservation implications and the zoonotic potential associated with viral disease outbreaks in wildlife, limited information is available on the circulation of viral pathogens in Baltic Sea seals and harbour porpoises. Here, we investigated the presence of the influenza A virus...
• New Inhibitors of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Replication Based on Monoterpene-Substituted Arylcoumarins Wed, 29 Mar 2023 06:00:00 -0400
  Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes annual epidemics of respiratory infection. Usually harmless to adults, the RSV infection can be dangerous to children under 3 years of age and elderly people over 65 years of age, often causing serious problems, even death. At present, there are no vaccines and specific chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of this disease, so the search for low-molecular weight compounds to combat RSV is a challenge. In this work, we have shown, for the first time,...